“Justice S.R. Tendolkar, AIR 1958 SC 538 had postulated two conditions which must be satisfied for a classification to withstand a challenge under Article 14, namely: i) the classification should be founded on intelligible differentia which distinguishes persons or things that are grouped together from others left out of the group; and (ii) the differentia […]
Read more "The Nature of Judicial Power: Hon’ble Justice Sanjiv Khanna"Section 2(a) of The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 defines ‘child’ as a person who, if a male, has not completed twenty-one years of age, and if a female, has not completed eighteen years of age. A ‘child marriage’ means a marriage to which either of the contracting parties is a child. Hardev Singh […]
Read more "Prohibition of Child Marriage"Dicitex was facing financial distress and economical duress. Oriental Insurance had insisted Dicitex to sign a clean discharge voucher and to withdraw the letter of protest addressed by it, failing which, Oriental Insurance would not release the amount reflected in the discharge voucher. HC allowed an application under Section 11(6), preferred by Dicitex, and appointed […]
Read more "Section 11(6) of The Arbitration Act III"Review Petition (Civil) No. 3358 of 2018 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 373 of 2006 Essential Religious Practices of a Religious Denomination or Section of a Religious Denomination – Constitutional Protection under Article 26? “In the Indian context, given the plurality of religions, languages, cultures and traditions, what is perceived as faith and essential practices […]
Read more "Referred to Larger Bench XX: The Sabarimala Temple III"“Regardless of how it is articulated, some like formula of compromise must be applied.”Chief Justice Frederick Moore Vinson My Lord, How Transparent is Transparent Enough? “This case concerns the balance which is required between two important fundamental rights i.e. right to information and right to privacy. Often these two rights are seen as conflicting, however, […]
Read more "Transparency of Transparency / The Revival of Ray XXXIII"“Possessory claim of Hindus to composite whole of disputed property stands on a better footing” is the decisive observation. Importantly, Supreme Court has in strongest terms castigated damage caused to the mosque in 1934, its desecration in 1949 leading to the ouster of Muslims, and the eventual demolition of the mosque on December 6, 1992. This, […]
Read more "The Nature of Judicial Power: Senior Advocate, Rakesh Dwivedi"Section 45 of The Evidence Act, 1872 allows for an opinion of an expert as a relevant fact when Court has to form an opinion upon a point of foreign law, science or art or as to identity of handwriting or finger impressions. In Murari Lal v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1980) 1 SCC 704 […]
Read more "Experts V: Handwriting Experts"“Janmaasthan of Lord Ram is where Babri Mosque has been constructed.” Mikhail Tal, born on 09.11.1936, said once, “you must take your opponent into a deep dark forest where 2+2=5 and path leading out is only wide enough for one.” M Siddiq v. Mahant Suresh Das, [Civil Appeal Nos. 10866-10867 of 2010], pronounced on 09.11.2019, […]
Read more "The Nature of Judicial Power: Proprietary Claims of Religion"“Judge who had rendered any decision in a smaller combination is not disqualified from being part of a Larger Bench when a Reference is made to the Larger Bench. Rather, it is a consistent practice prevailing in various High Courts as well as of this Court to include the same Judge/Judges in Larger Benches. Litigants […]
Read more "The Art of Recusal"“The principal issue involved in the matter is whether a Charitable Trust could maintain an action under the provisions of The Consumer Protection Act, 1986. The reliance was placed on Pratibha Pratisthan, (2017) 3 SCC 712 to hold that a Trust would not be a ‘person’ and consequently not a ‘consumer’. The definition of ‘person’ in terms […]
Read more "Referred to Larger Bench XIX: Trusts Not Consumers"“The same set of judicial precedents were cited and debated before us by both sides. The first in sequence is, Judgment of Constitution Bench in Mohammad Shujat Ali v. Union of India, (1975) 3 SCC 76. While referring to observations of Justice Brewer, “the very idea of classification is that of inequality”, it was recognized, […]
Read more "The Revival of Ray XXXI"Sudhir Krishnaswamy taught me at National Law School of India University, Bangalore in 2006. This book, first published in 2009, grew out of his Doctor of Philosophy in Law Dissertation at Oxford University. Extensively researched. Magnificently written. Excerpt, follows. _____ The Basic Structure Doctrine evolved in the context of challenges to the constitutionality of land […]
Read more "The Doctrine of Basic Structure I"“There can be no rule of law, there can be no democracy unless there is a strong, fearless and independent Judiciary. This independence and fearlessness is not only expected at the level of Superior Courts but also from District Judiciary. Most litigants only come in contact with District Judiciary. They cannot afford to come to […]
Read more "Purity of Character II"It was my request to Supreme Court that all while they let go of death in case after case, to not only explain always why those cases are not ‘rarest of rare’, but also explain whether death is a penalty or an award. In the last 11 months, I have briefly described 15 cases whereby […]
Read more "Review of Death Penalty XVI-XVII-XVIII"The primary function of Courts is to interpret and apply laws according to will of those who made them and not to transgress into domain of policy-making. It is not for Court to pronounce policy. It cannot term a particular policy as fairer than the other. Courts must exercise restraint. “Untouchability though intended to be […]
Read more "Untouchability"“I am glad, Arghya Sengupta and Ritwika Sharma have decided to publish a book dealing with appointment of Judges to Supreme Court of India. From time immemorial, mankind desired to have wise and humane Judges with the wisdom to discriminate between truth and falsehood. The legends of King Solomon and Dharmaraja and the like are […]
Read more "Appointment of Justice"“It is settled law that the fundamental right under Article 30 cannot be waived. The historical reasons for enacting Article 30(1) have been set out in some detail in the Judgment of Shelat, J. and Grover, J. in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973) 4 SCC 225. This was further fleshed out in the […]
Read more "The Revival of Ray XXX"Shivrang Yadavrao Waghmare was appointed as a Judicial Magistrate on 01.03.1985. He was dismissed from service on 15.01.2004. The allegation was, Justice Waghmare had a ‘proximate relationship’ with a Lawyer and thus, decided favorably in favor of the Lawyer’s clients, including the Lawyer’s family when they were parties to certain proceedings. This is ‘gratification’ of […]
Read more "Purity of Character I"“The most significant impact of Doctrine of Separation of Powers is seen and felt in terms of institutional independence of Judiciary from other Organs of State. Judiciary, in terms of personnel, the Judges, is independent. Constitutional Bench Judgments have uniformly ruled, Doctrine of Separation of Powers, though not specifically engrafted, forms part of the Basic […]
Read more "The Doctrine of Separation of Powers I"King-Emperor v. Khwaja Nazir Ahmad, AIR 1945 PC 18 has been quoted with approval, several times. The functions of Judiciary and Police are ‘complementary’ and not ‘overlapping’. They must be left to exercise their own function, subject to exceptions. Investigation into crimes is the prerogative of Police and excepting in ‘rare cases’, Judiciary must keep […]
Read more "The Nature of Judicial Power: Hon’ble Justice R. Banumathi"
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