It is abundantly clear, Principle of Promissory Estoppel cannot be invoked for enforcing promises in teeth of provisions of law [Motilal Padampat Sugar Mills, (1979) 2 SCC 409; Amrit Banaspati Co. Ltd., (1992) 2 SCC 411; Bangalore Development Authority v. R. Hanumaiah, (2005) 12 SCC 508; State of Gujarat v. Arcelor Mittal Nippon Steel India […]
Read more "Promissory Estoppel IX"The distinction between a disturbance to ‘law and order’ and a disturbance to ‘public order’ has been clearly settled by a Constitution Bench in Ram Manohar Lohia v. State of Bihar, AIR 1966 SC 740. Court has held, every ‘disorder’ does not meet threshold of a disturbance to ‘public order’, unless it affects community at […]
Read more "Preventive Detention Statute III"“Basic Structure Doctrine is applicable in Kenya” had only Lady Justice, Fatuma Sichale’s Dissent. My Lord, Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission v. David Ndii, Petition No. 12 of 2021 before Supreme Court of Kenya at Nairobi? 6-1, Friend. Lady Justice, P.M. Mwilu, Deputy Chief Justice & Vice-President of Supreme Court of Kenya: If there were […]
Read more "The Doctrine of Basic Structure III"The principle laid down in Pioneer Urban Land & Infrastructure Ltd. v. Govindan Raghvan, (2019) 5 SCC 725 has been followed consistently in many cases where terms of an Apartment Buyer’s Agreement were found to be one-sided. The following are instances where terms of an Apartment Buyer’s Agreement were found to be oppressive, constituting an […]
Read more "Apartment Buyer’s Agreement"A mere differential treatment on its own cannot be termed as an anathema to Article 14. When there is a reasonable basis for a classification adopted by taking note of exigencies and diverse situations, Court is not expected to insist on absolute equality by taking a rigid and pedantic view as against a pragmatic one. […]
Read more "Unchartered Ocean of Policy Decision IV"While right to property is no longer a fundamental right [The Constitution (Forty Fourth Amendment) Act, 1978], right against deprivation of property, unless in accordance with procedure established by law, continues to be a constitutional right under Article 300-A. Nobody can be deprived of liberty or property without due process or authorization of law. The […]
Read more "Right to Property I"Plaintiff and Defendant manufacture and deal in, inter alia, high-end luxury jewellery. Where a website permits purchase of goods or services, for consideration, every Court having jurisdiction over places from which, by access to website, commercial transactions could be effected and concluded would, prima facie, have jurisdiction to deal with a case of trademark infringement. […]
Read more "Serpenti"T. Arivandandam v. T.V. Satyapal, (1977) 4 SCC 467; Azhar Hussain v. Rajiv Gandhi, 1986 Supp SCC 315; Sopan Sukhdeo Sable v. Assistant Charity Commissioner, (2004) 3 SCC 137; Rajendra Bajoria v. Hemant Kumar Jalan, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 764. Dahiben v. Arvindbhai Kalyanji Bhanusali, (2020) 7 SCC 366 had an occasion to consider various […]
Read more "The Drastic Power of Rejecting a Plaint V"A party should not be penalized for failing to adopt legal proceedings when facts or documents have been wilfully concealed from him. A party who had acted fraudulently should not be given benefit of limitation, running in its favor, by virtue of such frauds [Pallav Sheth v. Custodian, (2001) 7 SCC 549]. Section 17 of […]
Read more "Referred to Larger Bench XXVII: The Drastic Power of Rejecting a Plaint IV"It is more than well-settled, Court has to avoid interpretations which will result in a head-on clash between two Sections of an Act. One provision has to be construed with reference to other provisions, so as to make a consistent enactment. Mahadeo Prasad Bais (Dead) v. Income-Tax Officer ‘A’ Ward, Gorakhpur, (1991) 4 SCC 560 […]
Read more "Backdrop of Dominant Purpose II"Burberry Ltd. filed a suit under Sections 134 and 135 of The Trade Marks Act, 1999 and Section 55 of The Copyright Act, 1957 for a permanent injunction restraining Aditya Verma from violating proprietary rights. Learned ADJ, Patiala House Courts, New Delhi dismissed Burberry’s suit. Trial Court has completely misdirected itself in placing undue emphasis […]
Read more "Burberry"Union of India v. Avtar Singh, (1984) 3 SCC 589 held, a letter does not record a decision of Central Government under Section 33 of The Displaced Persons (Compensation and Rehabilitation) Act, 1954 so as to be a decision by Central Government. State of Orissa v. Mesco Steels Limited, (2013) 4 SCC 340 held, High […]
Read more "Non-Communicated File Notings II"Phrases – such as: ‘question of law’ – are open textual expressions, used in statutes to convey a certain meaning which Legislature would not have intended to be read in a pedantic manner. When words allow narrow as well as wide interpretations, Courts have developed art and technique of finding correct meanings by looking at […]
Read more "Question of Law"It is evident, lotteries and gambling activities, to be termed as such, must inherently have an element of ‘chance’; ‘to take a chance’ is itself synonymous to a ‘gamble’; therefore, it may be concluded, lottery is one such activity which requires a participant ‘to take a chance’ or to ‘gamble’. B.R. Enterprises v. State of […]
Read more "Taxing Lottery II"Predominantly, Indian Judiciary has time and again reiterated, ‘forum shopping’ take several hues and shades but concept of ‘forum shopping’ has not been rendered an exclusive definition in any Indian statute. Indian Judiciary’s observation and obiter dicta has aided in streamlining concept of ‘forum shopping’ in Indian legal system. Court has condemned practice of ‘forum […]
Read more "Forum Shopping II"The purpose of a disciplinary proceeding by an employer is to enquire into an allegation of misconduct by an employee which results in a violation of service rules governing relationship of employment. Unlike a criminal prosecution, where charge has to be established beyond reasonable doubt, in a disciplinary proceeding, a charge of misconduct has to […]
Read more "Disciplinary Proceedings VI"The expression ‘offence’ in Section 19 of The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 would include all ‘offences’ under The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 including ‘offence’ under Section 23. In our society, victims of ‘sexual offence’ are, more often than not, treated as an ‘abettor’, if not ‘perpetrator’, even […]
Read more "Referred to Larger Bench XXVI: Offence"As to what is ratio decidendi has been succinctly explained by this Court in Regional Manager v. Pawan Kumar Dubey, (1976) 3 SCC 334. “Indeed, we do not think, principles of law declared and applied so often have really changed. But, application of same law to differing circumstances and facts of various cases, which have […]
Read more "Ratio Decidendi III / The Revival of Ray LXXXIII"State of Jharkhand v. Brahmputra Metallics Ltd., Ranchi, 2020 SCC OnLine SC 968 observed, Doctrine of Legitimate Expectation, a public law concept, is premised on principles of fairness and non-arbitrariness in State action. Doctrine of Legitimate Expectation emerges as a facet of Article 14. Promissory Estoppel, being a private law concept, can be invoked if […]
Read more "Promissory Estoppel VIII"7-Judge Bench of this Court in Samsher Singh v. State of Punjab, (1974) 2 SCC 831 has held: “The authority may, in some cases, be of view, conduct of probationer may result in dismissal or removal on an inquiry. But in those cases, authority may not hold an inquiry and may simply discharge probationer with […]
Read more "The Revival of Ray LXXXII"
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